I was recently asked to create a slide show for a photographer friend who shoots a lot of weddings. His images for this particular event, taken about a year ago, were the standard mix of wedding photos—ceremony, formals, reception—but were taken with several different digital cameras (he often uses an assistant to shoot, also). One of the cameras was a newer model, and another was probably three or four years old. I was, in a word, stunned at the difference in lower-light image quality produced by the two cameras, both of which were set to the same exposure. Notably, the older camera exhibited a tremendous amount of noise.
Cameras are designed to detect light, and much of the effort in digital image sensing technology development over the last five years has focused on improving low-light sensitivity with minimal amounts of digital noise. For example, the Canon 1D Mark III, with an ISO capability ranging to ISO6400, shows far less digital noise on images taken in low light at, say ISO 1000 than an earlier model of the 1D series or, for example, a Canon 10D. Nikon has made similar developments in its image sensors, over about the same time period (but I’m more hard-pressed to give you specifics, since I exclusively shoot Canon).
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